Female Internal Genital Organ

Female Internal Genital Organ

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female internal genital Organ lists

Internal genital organ: –

1. vagina

  2. Uterus

  3. Fallopian tube

  4. Ovary

  1. Vagina: –

  • Vagina is a tube like, muscular and elastic canal.
  • Vagina is 8-10cm long canal and Diameter is 2.5cm
  • Vagina pH – 4-5 pH (Acidic)
  • Vagina situated in the 45 Degree Angle to the horizontal.
Vagina wall:-
  1. Anterior wall
  2. Posterior wall
  3. 2 Lateral wall
  • Posterior wall of vagina is 10cm long and anterior wall is 7.5cm long.
Fornics of vagina
  1. Anterior fornics
  2. Posterior fornics
  3. 2 Lateral fornics
  • Vagina relationship       – Anteriorly          – to the urinary bladder

– Urethra

– Posteriorly           – Douglas Pouch

– Anterior rectal wall

– Perineal body

– Laterally    – Ureter

– Leveter ani muscles

  • Blood supply of vagina –
  • Arteries – Cervico vaginal branch of uterine artery

–   Internal pudendal artery.

  • Veins – Internal iliac vein

-Internal pudendal vein

  • Development of Vagina –

Upper Part of vagina – By Mesoderm

Middle Part of vagina – By Endoderm

Lower Part of vagina – By Ectoderm

  1. Uterus –

  • Uterus is the hollow muscular and pyriform-shaped organ, situated between the bladder and rectum in the pelvis.
  • Position of uterus – Anteflexion and Anteversion.
  • Size – 7.5 × 5 × 1.5 × cm[3×2×1 inch3]
  • Weight – 50-80gm [60gm]
Layers of the uterus 
  1. Endometrium (mucosa)
  2. Myometrium (muscular)
  3. Perimetrium (serosa)
Parts of the uterus
  1. Funds (1.5cm)
  2. Body (3-4cm)
  3. Isthmus (0.5-1cm)
  4. Cervix (2-3cm)
Uterine Cavity

– (Total length of uterus – fundus length) – 7.5 – 1.5 – 6cm

  • Endometrium change in “Decidua” During Pregnancy
Endometrium layers
  1. Outer – Basal layer
  2. Middle – Spongy Layer
  3. Inner–Compact Layer
Uterus relationship: –
  • Anteriorly – Uterovesical pouch and urinary bladder
  • Posteriorly – Recto uterine pouch, Pouch of Douglas
  • Laterally – Ureters.
Ligaments of the uterus: –
  1. Round ligament
  2. Broad Ligament
  3. Cardinal ligament
  4. Uterosacral ligament
  5. Pubocervical ligament.

Epithelium in the cervix are: –In upper part of cervix – simple columnar epithelium

In lower part of cervix – Stratified – squamous epithelium

  • Squamous – columnar junction is the most common place for cervical cancer.
  • Blood supply of the uterus: –    1. Uterine artery from internal iliac artery.

2. Ovarian artery

3. Vaginal artery

  • Drainage from uterus: – uterine vein.
  • Nerve supply of the uterus:-
  • Sympathetic nerve supply         – Motor from T5-T6

-Sensory from T10-L1

– Parasympathetic Nerve supply – From S1-S3

  • Development of uterus from Mullerian Duct.

 

  1. Fallopian Tube

  • Fallopian tube is 10cm long tubular paired structure, situated in the medial 3rd – 4th of the upper free margin of the broad ligament.
  • Layer of fallopian tube – serous, muscular and mucosa layer.
  • Two opening of fallopian tubes –
  1. Uterine opening (1mm Diameter)
  2. Pelvic opening (2mm Diameter)
Parts of fallopian tubes

1) Interstitial (1.25cm long and 1mm wide)

2) Isthmus (3-4cm long and 2mm wide)

3) Ampulla (5cm)

4) Infundibulum (1.25cm long and 6mm wide)

  • Fallopian tube key point
  1. Narrowest part of Fallopian tube – Interstitial (1mm)
  2. Widest part of fallopian tube – Infundibulum (6mm)
  3. Longest part of fallopian tube – Ampulla (5cm long)
  4. Most common site of fertilization in fallopian tube – Ampulla
  5. Most common site of Ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tube – Ampulla
  6. Most common site of laparoscopic tubal ligation in fallopian tube is – Isthmus
  7. Most common site of tubectomy in fallopian tube – Ampulla
  8. Thinnest part of fallopian tube – Isthmus
  9. Thickest part of fallopian tube – Interstitial
The function of the fallopian tube
  • Transportation of gametes
  • Help in fertilization
  • Help in survival of zygote
  • Provide Nutrition and motility to fertilized ovum.
Blood supply to the fallopian tube  

Arteries – uterine and ovary artery

Venous – Ovarian vein.

  • Salphangitis – Inflammation of fallopian tube.

 

  1. Ovaries 

  • Ovaries are usually paired sex gonads in the female.
  • The ovary is pearly–colored and almond shape structure.
  • Ovary attaches to the uterus by ligaments.
  • The ovary produces the sex hormone (estrogen and progesterone) and releases the eggs.
  • Relationship of ovary –

Anteriorly – By broad ligament

Posterior – Intestine

Lateral – Infundibulopelvic ligament

Superior – Uterine tube

Medium – Ovarian ligament

Structure of ovary              

The ovary consists the outer – cortex Inner   – Medulla

a) Cortex – The cortex is a function part of ovum.

– Cortex contains the ovarian follicles

b) Medulla – Medulla is a supporting framework

– Medulla made by fibrous tissue, Blood vessels, and lymphatic or nerve fibers.

-Medulla consists “Hilus cell”.

  • Ovary blood supply: – From ovarian artery Direct from abdominal aorta.
  • Drainage            – Right ovarian vein into the inferior vena cava

– Left ovarian vein into left renal vein.

  • Nerve supply – from sympathetic nerve fibers.

 

QnA:-

  • Internal gonad assessed by USG in fetal age at the – 8 week of gestational.
  • Vagina pH – 4 – 5 pH (Acidic).
  • Uterine cavity size – 6 – 6.5 cm.
  • Endometrium change During pregnancy in – Decidua.
  • The Squamous – columnar junction is the most common place for – Cervical cancer.
  • The pacemaker of uterus is located at – At the junction of fallopian tube and uterus.

Broad ligament least helps in the fixation of – Ovaries.

Also Read. Female External Genitalia

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