female internal genital Organ lists
Internal genital organ: –
1. vagina
2. Uterus
3. Fallopian tube
4. Ovary
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Vagina: –
- Vagina is a tube like, muscular and elastic canal.
- Vagina is 8-10cm long canal and Diameter is 2.5cm
- Vagina pH – 4-5 pH (Acidic)
- Vagina situated in the 45 Degree Angle to the horizontal.
Vagina wall:-
- Anterior wall
- Posterior wall
- 2 Lateral wall
- Posterior wall of vagina is 10cm long and anterior wall is 7.5cm long.
Fornics of vagina
- Anterior fornics
- Posterior fornics
- 2 Lateral fornics
- Vagina relationship – Anteriorly – to the urinary bladder
– Urethra
– Posteriorly – Douglas Pouch
– Anterior rectal wall
– Perineal body
– Laterally – Ureter
– Leveter ani muscles
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Blood supply of vagina –
- Arteries – Cervico vaginal branch of uterine artery
– Internal pudendal artery.
- Veins – Internal iliac vein
-Internal pudendal vein
-
Development of Vagina –
Upper Part of vagina – By Mesoderm
Middle Part of vagina – By Endoderm
Lower Part of vagina – By Ectoderm
-
Uterus –
- Uterus is the hollow muscular and pyriform-shaped organ, situated between the bladder and rectum in the pelvis.
- Position of uterus – Anteflexion and Anteversion.
- Size – 7.5 × 5 × 1.5 × cm3 [3×2×1 inch3]
- Weight – 50-80gm [60gm]
Layers of the uterus
- Endometrium (mucosa)
- Myometrium (muscular)
- Perimetrium (serosa)
Parts of the uterus
- Funds (1.5cm)
- Body (3-4cm)
- Isthmus (0.5-1cm)
- Cervix (2-3cm)
Uterine Cavity
– (Total length of uterus – fundus length) – 7.5 – 1.5 – 6cm
- Endometrium change in “Decidua” During Pregnancy
Endometrium layers
- Outer – Basal layer
- Middle – Spongy Layer
- Inner–Compact Layer
Uterus relationship: –
- Anteriorly – Uterovesical pouch and urinary bladder
- Posteriorly – Recto uterine pouch, Pouch of Douglas
- Laterally – Ureters.
Ligaments of the uterus: –
- Round ligament
- Broad Ligament
- Cardinal ligament
- Uterosacral ligament
- Pubocervical ligament.
Epithelium in the cervix are: –In upper part of cervix – simple columnar epithelium
In lower part of cervix – Stratified – squamous epithelium
- Squamous – columnar junction is the most common place for cervical cancer.
- Blood supply of the uterus: – 1. Uterine artery from internal iliac artery.
2. Ovarian artery
3. Vaginal artery
- Drainage from uterus: – uterine vein.
- Nerve supply of the uterus:-
- Sympathetic nerve supply – Motor from T5-T6
-Sensory from T10-L1
– Parasympathetic Nerve supply – From S1-S3
- Development of uterus from Mullerian Duct.
-
Fallopian Tube
- Fallopian tube is 10cm long tubular paired structure, situated in the medial 3rd – 4th of the upper free margin of the broad ligament.
- Layer of fallopian tube – serous, muscular and mucosa layer.
- Two opening of fallopian tubes –
- Uterine opening (1mm Diameter)
- Pelvic opening (2mm Diameter)
Parts of fallopian tubes
1) Interstitial (1.25cm long and 1mm wide)
2) Isthmus (3-4cm long and 2mm wide)
3) Ampulla (5cm)
4) Infundibulum (1.25cm long and 6mm wide)
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Fallopian tube key point
- Narrowest part of Fallopian tube – Interstitial (1mm)
- Widest part of fallopian tube – Infundibulum (6mm)
- Longest part of fallopian tube – Ampulla (5cm long)
- Most common site of fertilization in fallopian tube – Ampulla
- Most common site of Ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tube – Ampulla
- Most common site of laparoscopic tubal ligation in fallopian tube is – Isthmus
- Most common site of tubectomy in fallopian tube – Ampulla
- Thinnest part of fallopian tube – Isthmus
- Thickest part of fallopian tube – Interstitial
The function of the fallopian tube
- Transportation of gametes
- Help in fertilization
- Help in survival of zygote
- Provide Nutrition and motility to fertilized ovum.
Blood supply to the fallopian tube
Arteries – uterine and ovary artery
Venous – Ovarian vein.
- Salphangitis – Inflammation of fallopian tube.
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Ovaries
- Ovaries are usually paired sex gonads in the female.
- The ovary is pearly–colored and almond shape structure.
- Ovary attaches to the uterus by ligaments.
- The ovary produces the sex hormone (estrogen and progesterone) and releases the eggs.
- Relationship of ovary –
Anteriorly – By broad ligament
Posterior – Intestine
Lateral – Infundibulopelvic ligament
Superior – Uterine tube
Medium – Ovarian ligament
Structure of ovary
The ovary consists the outer – cortex – Inner – Medulla
a) Cortex – The cortex is a function part of ovum.
– Cortex contains the ovarian follicles
b) Medulla – Medulla is a supporting framework
– Medulla made by fibrous tissue, Blood vessels, and lymphatic or nerve fibers.
-Medulla consists “Hilus cell”.
- Ovary blood supply: – From ovarian artery Direct from abdominal aorta.
- Drainage – Right ovarian vein into the inferior vena cava
– Left ovarian vein into left renal vein.
- Nerve supply – from sympathetic nerve fibers.
QnA:-
- Internal gonad assessed by USG in fetal age at the – 8 week of gestational.
- Vagina pH – 4 – 5 pH (Acidic).
- Uterine cavity size – 6 – 6.5 cm.
- Endometrium change During pregnancy in – Decidua.
- The Squamous – columnar junction is the most common place for – Cervical cancer.
- The pacemaker of uterus is located at – At the junction of fallopian tube and uterus.
Broad ligament least helps in the fixation of – Ovaries.
Also Read. Female External Genitalia
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