Meniere’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments,

• Meniere Disease is an inner ear disorder that causes episodes of vertigo due to dilation of the endolymphatic system or increased volume of endolymph.
• Meniere’s Disease includes the – vertigo
  • Deafness
  • Tinnitus.

• Meniere’s Disease usually occurs in adulthood.

Causes of Meniere’s Disease

• Unknown cause
• Allergic reaction
• Autoimmune response
• Hemorrhage
• Viral infection
• Metabolic disorder
• Emotional factor
• Anatomical abnormalities
• Circulatory disorder
• Genetic predisposition.

Clinical manifestation of Meniere’s Disease

• Vertigo
• Sensorial hearing loss
• Tinnitus ( ringing sensation )
• Dizziness
• Irritability
• Anxiety
• Loss of balance
• Disorientation
• Sweating
• Nausea and vomiting
• Rapid pulse rate.

Diagnostic examination of Meniere’s Disease

• History collection and physical examination.
• Audiometry – to determine hearing disorder.
• Electronystagmogram ( ENG ) – evaluate the balance.
• Electrocochleography – measure fluid pressure in the inner ear.
• CT scan and MRI.

Medical management of Meniere’s Disease

• Diuretics drug – to decrease fluid volume.
• Steroids drug – to treat inflammation and edema.
• Mild analgesic – to treat pain.
• Antihistamine – cetirizine
• Antiemetics – to treat vomiting.
• Provide hearing aids.
• Mild sedative drugs – alprazolam.

Surgical management of Meniere’s Disease

• Endolymphatic sac shunt surgery – Reduce the pressure of endolymphatic space.
• Vestibular nerve section – the surgical procedure of removing the vestibular nerve of the intracranial.
• Labyrinthectomy – a surgery procedure that destroys the part of the ear that controls balance.
• Cochleo Sacculotomy – used to drain fluid.

Nursing management of Meniere’s Disease

• Nurses monitor patient hearing balance and other physical findings.
• Assess the severity and frequency of attack any associated ear symptoms.
• Conduct vital sign assessment.
• Provide instruction to restrict the sudden movement of the head.
• Provide all general care to patients and maintain patient hygiene status.
• Nurses follow universal precautions to control infection.
• The Administrator prescribed treatment and IV fluids.
• Provide a low sodium diet to patients.
• Instruct about avoiding intake of alcohol and smoking.
• Provide awareness about disease and procedure.
• The nurse maintains documents and finds them.
• Provide physiological support.
• Nurses educate about the benefits of follow-up care.

Key Points of Meniere’s Disease

1. Meniere Disease is a disorder of – Inner ear
2. Meniere Disease tried symptoms – Vertigo, Deafness, and Tinnitus
3. Which body part plays a key role in balance – Labyrinth
4. Meniere Disease is a – Fluid balance disorder of the inner ear
5. What is vertigo – A kind of dizziness